Changing Directories

cd = change directory

$ cd directory
$ cd /path/to/directory/

Changing back to locations "upwards"

To go back one folder, e.g. go from /var/www to /var:
$ cd ..
To go back to your home folder or root folder:
$ cd

Listing Files

ls = list

$ ls
$ ls /path/to/specific/directory

There are also some options to the "ls" command, to show more details like hidden files or file permissions. For example:

$ ls -a
$ ls -l

Where am I? Print Working Directory

pwd = print working directory

This will show you the path to the directory you are currently working in.

$ pwd

Creating Files

We can create files by typing "touch" followed by the filename in the shell. Example to create "file.txt":

$ touch file.txt